Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. The flow of bile is disturbed, as a result, the enzymes in the gland do not penetrate and remain in the duodenum. The pancreas gradually begins to collapse, which threatens to death.
Each year, this type of disease is diagnosed in more and more people. The pathology occurs even in adolescents. There are many reasons for the development of pancreatitis, from alcohol abuse, being overweight to gallstone disease. Therefore, it is very important to follow a diet during illness.
The importance of enzymes in the digestion of food
For normal food digestion, pancreatic juice produced by the pancreas is necessary. In addition, the juice protects against the harmful effects of hydrochloric acid. It contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats. If not, most of the food received does not bring any benefit to the body.
The juice contains 4 enzymes. They stand out in 3 stages, whose activation occurs in approximately the first 30-60 minutes after feeding. Then, there is a gradual decrease in activity and literally in 3-4 hours everything goes back to the initial level. If there are problems with the pancreas, enzyme activation occurs very early, as a result of the onset of an inflammatory process or pancreatitis.
Fatty foods, consequences of abuse
Fats are found in all foods, even fruits, although in minimal amounts. But most of the fat is in bacon and lard. For example, 70 g of lard covers the daily dose of fat that the body needs each day. Of course, no one will limit themselves to just a few pieces of bacon a day.
Some products have hidden surprises. For example, "Doctor's" sausage contains 40% fat, although it is considered dietary. These products include popcorn, sauces, yogurt and convenience foods.
Nutritionists advise not to consume more than 1 g of fat per 1 kg of human weight. If the norm is not observed, then obesity begins, which negatively affects all human organs, including the pancreas. Scientists have also been able to establish that fatty food excites the brain's pleasure center, and as a result, even if a person stops consuming fat, he cannot get enough of normal food.
Ways to get rid of pain
Pancreatitis is accompanied by pain in the hypochondrium. It starts after eating. This can be accompanied by weakness, belching, nausea and even disturbed stools. The first step, if an attack has started, is to take antispasmodic drugs, if you know which ones. If the attack is severe, it is best to call a doctor.
After those two days, it is better to rest in bed for 2 days. Ice can be applied to the hypochondrium. Until the attack is over, you shouldn't eat, just drink water, which should be warm.
If there is vomiting, it is better to vomit, it will be much easier immediately. It is best to breathe shallowly, holding your breath periodically.
How long the pancreatitis diet lasts
Diet for pancreatitis has no right time. It all depends on the condition of the patient, how quickly he is recovering. In the chronic form, a person usually needs to carefully monitor their diet for at least 1, 5 years.
Approved products
In order not to harm the pancreas and "help" it to fulfill its functions more quickly, the following foods must be present in the diet:
- soups with pasta and vegetables;
- yesterday's bread;
- roasted or boiled fish;
- Steamed meats, rolls, mashed potatoes, pates and chops;
- croutons;
- cooked and cooked vegetables;
- dairy products and fermented dairy products, but with a low percentage of fat; cereals
- ; omelet
- ;
- folder;
- a small amount of butter and vegetable oil;
- roasted unsweetened fruit;
- jelly;
- jam and jam.
However, this limited set of products will not always be in the diet; gradually, as it improves, the number of products increases.
Limited or partially limited products
Unfortunately, but the list of prohibited foods for this type of disease is quite impressive. Invalid consumption:
- cabbage;
- okroshka;
- jams;
- broths based on meat, fish and mushrooms;
- beet; margarine
- ;
- canned foods;
- fatty fish and meat;
- offal;
- sausages;
- any fried foods; lard;
- apples;
- boiled eggs;
- caviar;
- legumes;
- barley, corn porridge and millet;
- forbidden vegetables that cause flatulence and contain large amounts of dietary fiber, such as radish and cabbage;
- chocolate;
- freshly baked products and bread;
- spicy dishes;
- citrus fruits.
You cannot drink coffee, cocoa, strong tea. It is undesirable to drink juices. Carbonated drinks strictly prohibited
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The purpose of dietary nutrition in the presence of pancreatitis is to relieve the inflammatory process and restore normal functioning of the gland. In the chronic form, food must enter the body every 2-3 hours. You need to drink a lot of water, up to 3 liters. Before eating, it is recommended to drink a glass of clean warm water without gas for about 20 minutes.
The use of alcoholic beverages is unacceptable. You will have to minimize the amount of sugar and salt in the diet. You cannot overeat and swallow food. It is best to grind all products well. The dishes must be at room temperature.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
After 2-3 days of fasting, you should follow a light diet. The menu can be structured as follows:
- 3 days after the relief of the symptoms of a crisis, a weak tea, without sugar, is introduced;
- on the 5th day, you can already eat carrot or potato puree;
- from the 7th day on, fish is allowed to be introduced, but not fried or seafood;
- milk and curd puddings have been introduced since the 10th.
It is allowed to consume light soups and meats for 7 to 10 days. However, they are administered with care, depending on the state of health. If unpleasant symptoms appear after use, they are immediately removed from the diet.
Many doctors advise drinking oatmeal jam for 3 or 4 days. It has low calorie content, but at the same time it is very satisfactory. The drink allows to normalize the stool and remove toxins.
Diet for pancreatitis in children
In fact, the diagnosis of pancreatitis is extremely rare in childhood. However, more often, you may experience "reactive pancreatitis". These are temporary problems of the pancreas associated with malnutrition.
The problem is usually resolved in just a few weeks. However, during this period, you will have to keep your child on a restricted diet.
Any products containing chemical additives, flavorings, dyes are unambiguously displayed. There are no trips to public food establishments and harmful fast food.
However, fermented and salty foods, broths, natural sausages, pies, cakes and even ice cream are allowed. But they should not be familiar to the child and can be used after removing the symptoms of "reactive pancreatitis".
Therapeutic diet Table number 5 product list
This diet is recommended for chronic pancreatitis, gout, cholecystitis and several other diseases. The main objective of the 5p diet is to restore the normal functioning of the pancreas, liver and gallbladder.
Table 5p provides a rational approach to the amount of protein and carbohydrates. However, fats are almost completely reduced to zero. The menu should not contain foods that contain cholesterol, oxalic acid, purines, essential oils, fat. The salt also decreases in quantity.
It is recommended to drink warm water on an empty stomach. Food should be chopped well and eaten in small portions. No alcohol. You need to eat an average of 5 times throughout the day.
The energy value of the menu must not exceed 2800 kcal. Drug therapy should not be interrupted during the diet.
Example diet menu for pancreatitis for a week
You can create a menu for the week as follows:
Monday
| Breakfast | Omelet and black bread, a cup of tea |
| Snack | Cheese and crackers |
| Lunch | Cooked zucchini and buckwheat porridge |
| Snack | Crushed apples |
| Dinner | Oats, carrot puree |
Tuesday
| Breakfast | Low-fat grated cheese, tea |
| Snack | Fruit gelatin |
| Lunch | Vegetable soup, bread, some cooked meat |
| Snack | Carrot puree |
| Dinner | Boiled chicken, vegetable stew |
Wednesday
| Breakfast | Skimmed yogurt and apple |
| Snack | Some cottage cheese |
| Lunch | Puree soup, cooked crucian carp |
| Snack | Croutons, dried apricots |
| Dinner | Rice pudding and curd, roasted meat |
Thursday
| Breakfast | Omelet, slice of bread |
| Snack | Raisins |
| Lunch | Green Bean Stew, Chicken Stew |
| Snack | Baked apples |
| Dinner | Rice and steamed chicken |
Friday
| Breakfast | Pumpkin puree |
| Snack | Dried apricots |
| Lunch | Light soup, some cooked fish |
| Snack | Choice of roasted fruits |
| Dinner | Casserole |
Saturday
| Breakfast | Bread, omelet |
| Snack | Curd |
| Lunch | Lentil soup, cooked meat |
| Snack | Fruit gelatin |
| Dinner | Buckwheat porridge, cooked chicken |
Sunday
| Breakfast | Cooked beets, croutons |
| Snack | Baked pumpkin, pasta without sauce |
| Lunch | Boiled potatoes, meat stew |
| Snack | Oat jam |
| Dinner | Rice pudding, chicken |
Before going to bed, you can have a glass of kefir. And those who like sweets can even buy milk chocolates.
Always follow your doctor's advice carefully. Even after hospital discharge, it is necessary to follow a diet for a set time to improve quality of life and prevent relapses. And to prevent the development of the disease, one must monitor the food from an early age.